History of rotor motors
The first mention of the rotor engine dates back to 1919. At that time, the inventor Felix Vankel was only 17 years old. On the one hand, it is difficult to imagine that young Felix has been able to invent a rotor motor at that age, on the other hand, Wolfgang Mozart, who wrote the genius symphonies at an earlier age.
In the biography of Vankel there were both studies at the university, and forced labour in BMW and Daimler, and even imprisonment.
After being released from custody Felix Vankel was employed in a motorcycle company, where one of the engineers of the company, Walter Frode, was interested in his development. The work in tandem accelerated the pace of research, and in 1957 the first rotary engine of Vanquel and Frode earned.
The design of the engine has subsequently been revised and has undergone a number of changes. It was only in 1958 that the light saw the final version of the rotary engine, which is also used today.
Rotary engine device and operating principle
Rotary engine is an internal combustion engine. Even the number of ticks is no different from the classic 4-stroke of the reciprocating piston army. His fundamental difference is that the piston plays the rotor.
-It participates in the formation of internal combustion chambers;
-the release and release of gases is carried out;
-causes the main shaft to be actuated;
The rotary engine has the same cylinder as the piston engine. The cylinder of the shape is different, and the name is static. The rotor is the main moving element, its rotation within the stater is carried out at the expense of the gears. Similar to reciprocated by the DSC, intake and discharge valves, and ignition is done by candlelight. Consider all 4 cycles of rotor rotation:
-Fuel intake. The position of the rotor allows for the creation of a separate cell and the filling of its fuel.
-Compression. The rotor is rotated by the pressure of the fuel mix.
-Working move. At this stage, there is another turning and ignition. A large amount of energy is being allocated and pressure increases, leading to the next rotor turn.
-Vykhlop. The final stage of the cycle in which combustion products are output through the valve.
Advantage and disadvantages of rotor engines
In the 1950's, the rotary engine seemed a new stage in the development of the automotive industry. At first sight the engine had some advantages: the low level of vibration and the absence of the gas distribution system (the rotor itself opens and closes the valves, which makes the construction easier). Later, however, there were also significant deficiencies in this type of engine which prevented it from being widely used.
The main drawback is the outstretched shape of the stator. Due to this, the surface area of the surface is greater than that of the reciprocating FAC, and this results in significant energy losses. In addition, the lack of a distribution system makes it difficult to mix fuel, which increases fuel consumption. The environmental performance of rotor engines is also left to be desired.
The next deficiency is the high temperature of the engine. In a rotor DMC all processes are carried out in one combustion chamber, and this feature does not allow the engine to cool more often than once in 4 cycles. The chilling process will result in a loss of energy, because all the processes are in the same camera. The only way out of this situation is to use a more resistant material, which increases production costs.
The above deficiencies do not allow the use of diesel-load diesel fuel too high.
Rotary engines on cars of different brands
Despite the shortcomings, the leading auto companies were trying to establish serial production of vehicles with rotary engines.
The first steps were taken by Mercedes-Benz. On the basis of a rotor DBA, a prototype of a racing car was collected, which boasted a 280 l.s. and up to a hundred in 5 seconds. For 1969, an incredible performance.
Exactly a year later, Chevrolet has been licensed to use rotary engine. The result was a new Corvette XP-987GT. The start was very confident and the model experienced several upgrades, but as a result, the production was closed due to excessive monetary costs.
Due to the news about the development of the German engineer spread quickly and soon, the French company Citroen was interested in car know-how. The serial production of the Rotoren Citroen GS Birotor (meaning 2 sections of the engine from 498 cm³) has been delayed by 7 years. The car market was never hit-the case ended with total elimination of production. During this time, we have managed to release about 200 cars, which have been lost in an incredible way. Perhaps one of the collectors to this day boasts friends with his pearl.
Disguise as always the USSR. Our compatriots have found rotor engines in the service vehicles environment. The Volga for the GAI used the main advantage of the rotor-high speed and dynamical measures.
Perhaps the most famous serial car on the basis of a rotor DW-Mazda RX-8.
That's not the end of the rotor's story. In its original form, it has not lived, but has served as a good platform for new developments. Russian engineers have taken a step forward and have developed 3-and 5-stroke rotary engines, and AvtoVAZ has long declared its intention to develop a fundamentally new DMO based on rotor.
