Appointment
Cars are equipped with spoiler to alter the aerodynamic characteristics of the body by changing the direction of air flows. However, it also has a different function, exclusively decorative-on some cars spoiler's being installed exclusively out of marketing considerations-the car looks more sportive and aggressive with it.
It is important to understand the difference between the spoiler and the anti-wing: the first one only directs the air, and the second only creates the anthem force, thus reducing the air resistance coefficient.
The first anti-Wing saw light in America in a Chevrole Chaparral in 1966. It was based on the tall pillars, and it was huge. Antiwings became a peculiar modification of spoilers, which were installed on cars of different brands at pre-war time.
Device and operating principles
A spoiler typically consists of one or more elements and is divided into several types: at the location, the manufacturing style, and the method of attachment.
We'll stop on every type. Spoiler may have different locations on the body: it may be the so-called "skirt"-aerodynamic weight, which is also referred to as "side skirt". The weight of the overweight distributes the airflow around the vehicle, "throwing" air on the rear wheels (to cool the brakes) or send them to the rear spoiler.
The bumper skirt is also a relief to the front and rear bumper. It is the main flow of air. The weight of the bumper is "understated" by the car, which reduces the ground clearance, which makes the car more expensive.
Another spoiler is installed in the trunk or on the roof. In this case, the difference between spoiler and anti-wing is clearly visible. The front edge of the spoiler is connected to the body of the car, while the antiwing is mounted on one or more of the racks.
None of the spoilers above excludes others, but rather complements. After the tuning, the car usually receives the complete set of spoilers.
The spoilers further distinguish between the styles of manufacture, and such separation is inherent in the American restarling. According to North American tuners, there are two styles: OEM Style ("factory") and Custom Style ("caste"). The spoilers in the factory style, as it follows from the name, are no different from the original, which the manufacturer offers. The "caste"-spoilers are diverse: they are made by limited quantities, and they can be quite different shapes and sizes.
The spoilers and the method of attachment are also available. There are two of them: these are fastenings and the so-called stickings are on the bilateral tape.
The materials of the spoilers are several. The most common one is carbon fiber, or carbon. It's a lightweight, yet solid material. But due to the labor-intensity of manufacturing, the price of such material is high.
The factory spoilers are mainly made from ABS-plastic through casting. It is a cheap and easel material, but it has a characteristic minus-fragility.
There are spoilers made of glass-plastics or fibreglass. It's a synthetic resin reinforced glass fiber reinforced plastic. It is cheap, stable enough and well served, but not profitable in mass production.
And the last material that has recently started to be used in spoilers is silicone, or silicon polymers. The Silicon is distinguished by reliability, thermal stability and the most plasticity of all of the above mentioned materials.