Generator is a miniature automobile power station, which converts the energy of the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine into an electric current. Gen History
Gen History
The inventor of the automotive generator, in the form in which he is being installed, was a German engineer, Robert Bosch. In 1887, it developed a low voltage magnetto for stationary engines, and by 1902 it was the magnetto high voltage, which became a function of the "light machine" shown in 1906, that is, the first vehicle of the constant current.
Michael Faraday's English physicist [ [ Michael Faraday]] is still in the middle of the 19th century
The motor vehicle generator provides the power to supply all energy-dependent units of the vehicle and to charge the battery while the engine is running. In vehicles with hybrid drives, the generator performs starter functions. Other elements are also installed in the building of the modern generator, in addition to the unit needed directly to generate electricity. It's a straightedge block and a voltage regulator.
Generator device and operating principle
The design generator is similar to the starter, which fully illustrates the principle of reversibility of any electric machine. Inside the generator body there is a steamer, drawn from steel elements with three-phase winding of copper wire (brass wire). The rotor-system of the two magnets of the various poles and the winding of arousal is located in the tator ring. When the rotor is rotated in front of the rotor, the edges of the stateside are alternated with alternating "north" and "southern" rotor poles. Thus, the direction of the magnetic flux which permeates the coil is changing, which causes the variable voltage to appear in it. The rotation of the generator rotor shall normally be ensured by the simultaneous transmission from the engine crankshaft. A fan that provides cooling of the generator is also usually attached to the shaft.
Since the vehicle's onboard network is designed for constant voltage, the automotive generators are equipped to convert the alternating current to a constant. This is often referred to as a one-man bridge.
If the generator is refused where it is not possible to take the car to the service, you can remove it yourself. In most cases, it won't even have to be under the machine.
There is also a built-in voltage regulator in the automotive generators. Its function is to provide constant parameters of the onboard network, as the voltage emitted by the generator directly depends on the rotor speed. The regulatory system also involves a bristle knot with sliding contacts (the "chinks of the generator") adjacent to the ring pins on the rotor shaft.
It moves the generator by means of a drive belt, soonized into pulley, with a pulley with pulley fixed at the front end of the crankshaft.
Generator Voltage
The electrical current produced by the generator is slightly higher than necessary for the 12-volt onboard network and is between 13.5 and 14.5 Volts. This is not necessary for a car battery that is never physically switched off during the movement and operation of the consumer. If the generator, like the battery, was issued by 12 Volts at the exit, the battery would be continuously discharged, as it would have been willing to send the current to the onboard network with the generator.
There is a direct correlation between the power of the generator and the battery capacity. If you put too much battery in the car, it will never be charged to the end
This is higher than the battery voltage level, which causes a small leveling current of the battery. When the current supplied to the generator is slightly higher, the battery starts to take the current, that is to charge.
Common failures of the generator
The most common symptom of a generator malfunction is insufficient battery power. The first test is to check the tension of the belt. The correctness of this adjustment is of great importance-with insufficient tension, and the generator does not produce the necessary stress, with excess-rapidly wear bearings of the shaft and begin rotor's beating. If the belt is in order to check the chain's contacts and the bristle knot, the brush shall be worn during prolonged operation. The failure of the voltage regulator and, as a result, increased voltage in the network, leads to the reduction of the battery resource and can cause the elements of the onboard circuit to burn.
The most common failures of the car generators are the burnout of the dione bridge, the winding of the winding of the tator and the short circuit of the casing. The most recent of these is due to the ingratiation of the wet parts of the damaged paints.
Interesting facts about the generator
It is important to understand that by "lighting up" the car of a neighbor with a battery, you run a lot of risk to kill the generator of your car. The problem is that the starter of the car you are trying to start consumes a lot more current than it can give your generator and handle the voltage regulator. The average generator produces a current 50 to 55 Amps, and the starter of a car that you "smoke" is able to consume up to 500 Amps.
The average cost of diagnostics and bulkheads of the generator of a car of foreign production is 5-6 thousand rubles. This is explained by the frequent use of the same components
The way to "light" another car is safe. First of all, you can charge the battery in your neighbor's car as your second. By joining the forceps, you start doing it right away. If you want to start someone else' s car quickly, you need to at least disconnect your battery or, on the contrary, drive a second car away from it, and you need to shut down your engine at that time to save the generator.
