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Literally "immobilizer" is translated into English as "immobilizer". The Immobilizer is used to block the car motor while attempting to steal a car. Thus, the alarm system, and then the immobilizer, which impedes the movement of the vehicle by blocking all vital organs: the starter, the fuel supply system and the ignition, first opens.

Device and operating principle

Microimmobilisers are now more often used to lock the motor-the relays that the central unit controls through high-frequency signals and the automobile wiring.

The working principle is quite simple: when the system is activated, the electrical circuit is rupture between the control of the motor vehicle.  The lock can only be released using the driver's key. Modern immobilizers have an electronic block that can establish the authenticity of the key. Only the owner of the car can activate and deactivate the system. Previously, instead of the electronic key, the manual code was used, which, with the development of electronics, was replaced by a computer chip-a key. Before the movement starts, the driver must place the chip in a special nest, thereby turning off the immobilizer.

Auxiliary devices such as electromagnetic valves and closing relays are now available to the immobilizer on the market of additional car equipment. Both devices increase the reliability of the operation of the immobilizer.

The solenoid valve is intended to shut down the fuel line. In normal conditions, the fuel valve is closed, thus cutting off the fuel supply. When a driver enters a password or activates a chip, the microprocessor in the control unit sends a pulse to the valve-and it opens.

As for the closing relays, they are installed in the electric motor circuit breakers. Just as in the case of a valve, the microprocessor accepts the code or key and commands the relay, which is included in the closed mode. That is, the immobilizer does not lock the chain itself, but only sends a signal to the additionally installed closing relay. The advantage is that the hijacker cannot simply tear off the wires coming from the immobilizer and close the chain, thus reviving the engine. If the vehicle's wiring and relays are involved, no such manipulation of the attacker will lead to anything.

Varieties

Immobilisers are divided into several types. The first is the contact immobilizers, that is, the ones managed by the key. However, a significant minus system of this type-the hijacker knows where the lock is located for that key and how to crack it.

The second type is immobilizer. The lock of such systems is hidden under the sheathing, and the control is carried out by a signal with a log or a map that looks like a bank. Uncontact immobilizers have different range.

History of appearance

It is generally accepted that the idea of immobilitator belongs to Soviet engineers. In the 1980s, many Soviet cars were equipped with a "secret button" because it was at that time that the boom in car theft began.  The idea was that only the driver knew about the location of the button. She was usually put under a driver's seat, and of course the hijackers were no longer able to find her. The "secret button" worked on the same principle as modern immobilizers blocked important vehicle nodes, making it impossible to move forward. At the same time, the ignition systems were affected.

In the course of time, the button was replaced by a plug, the slot under which was also hidden from the eye, hiding it under the steering column or the stove. The flight of Soviet engineering thought was high: often in the role of a plug was a connector from the audio earphones.




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