The traction control system (traction control system) is a function of active safety of the car, which does not give it the clutch of the road. It makes it easier to manage the machine on a wet or slippery road. The system prevents the thrashing of the front wheels from breaking, moving, or moving rapidly, thereby ensuring a stable move and reliable traction with the road.
ASR (Anti-Slip Regulation) is translated as "automatic slip adjustment" is the most known name of the system, but depending on the manufacturer, such systems also have other trade names.
In most cases, the anti-stucco function is part of the dynamic stability of the car (stability), but can be an independent unit.
First application
The predecessor of the electronic system is called the mechanical differential of high friction. He had a good reputation in off-road conditions. This device was used to align the torque on the front wheels if one of them lost the grip.
The Americans have become pioneers: the anti-stucco system named MaxTrac was invented by Buick engineers, it was installed on the company's cars in 1971. With the help of automatics, the position of the wheels was monitored and the engine speed reduced was prevented from slipping.
In Europe, the electronic system appeared in Mercedes-Benz cars in 1987, development was owned by Bosch. The system was sufficiently complex, cumbersome (consisting of a pump, a hydraulic accumulator). The first systems were installed on models with 8-cylinder motors.
The new ASR5 system was introduced in the 1990s. It was easier, easier to manage, mount, and cheaper-all hydraulic components were placed in the same building-unit. The anti-lock system with high capacity has been used as a source of braking force.
Working principles
The electro-hydraulic traction control system works in conjunction with the engine management system and warns the wheel steering at any vehicle speed.
The system performs two basic functions:
- manages the engine torque from the engine;
- manages the wheel braking equipment of the driving wheels;
- blocks the differential if it is fitted in the car.
Wheel-speed sensors on wheels shall signal to the electronic unit. Traces the wheel rotation speed. If one of them is punctated, the system reduces engine speed or torves the towing wheel by using electromagnetic valves. The valves are built into the brake line and directly actuate the brake cylinders.
Different exposure mechanisms are used for different conditions. If the vehicle speed is between 0 and 80 km\h, the traction control is eliminated mainly due to the control of the leading wheels and low engine participation. If the speed is higher, by reducing the torque from the engine.
The system uses the same sensors and mechanisms as the anti-lock braking system and the emergency braking system. These systems are generally installed on cars in an integrated form.
Kinds of traction control systems
World manufacturers install their own development of antiquated systems on their vehicles, as well as co-operate with independent development companies. The principle of their action is similar, but the abbreviations vary.
ASR (Automatic Slip Regulation, Acceleration Slip Regulation) is used in Mercedes, Audi, Volkswagen.
ASC (Anti-Slip Control)-used on BMW cars.
The DSA (Dynamic Safety) is installed on Opel cars.
TRC (Traking Control)-on Toyota cars.
TCS (Traction Control System) is a system of Honda.
System Utilization
Use of anti-congestion in the car makes it possible to make the car safer. The life of tyres and the motor resource are increased, the fuel is saving, the car is easier to manage. The safety of the driver and passengers during turns and movement on slippery or wet roads increases significantly.
The system can be varied on and off if desired. In general, if the system is disabled, the protection of the vehicle against wheel lock during braking shall be maintained. If the system is malfunctioning, the control unit turns off the system and the system fault sensors are activated.
It is known that the antiquated system has been widely used in car racing: Formula 1 drivers have used it since 1990. For the first time, the system was introduced by the Ferrari command. In the 1990s, the Formula 1 manual had been banned several times, and it had been banned for final use in 2008. The prohibition is due solely to the effect that the pilot is solely responsible for influencing the brake system during racing.
