It is necessary to monitor the condition of the filters in the car at every maintenance, as the engine and transmission, as well as the health of the driver and passengers, depend on their condition. Late replacement can have serious consequences and can be costly. There are several ways to determine if you want to replace some types of filters. What is the filter used for?
What is the filter used for?
The car filter is a device designed to clean the engine and transmission oil, as well as the air used in engine operation and climate control. The filters are subject to strict requirements: compact size, reliability of operation in critical conditions (high pressure, cold start etc.), reduced resistance to oil or air flow, maximum possible disposal of harmful substances.
The modern car uses five types of filters: oil, fuel, air, salon and soot. All but the beige have their own service life and are to be replaced
The modern automotive industry uses five types of filters: oil, fuel, air, salon and sage. All filters, with the exception of the beige, have their own service life and are to be replaced. This depends directly on the operating conditions of the vehicle, and the replacement is generally regulated by the manufacturer.
Oil filter
The transfer valve shall ensure that the engine oil is supplied to the engine when it is not filtered by the filter. This is the case in the case of pollution of an element or a sharp increase in the revolutions of the crankshaft and in the thickening of the oil in the cold. The purpose of the non-return valve is to hold the oil in the filter when the engine is not running to ensure a rapid rise of the pressure in the system when the engine is started.
The non-return valve of the filter shall be a rubber ring of variable section whose elastic properties are lost over time. At the same time, the oil from the filter after the engine shut down is merged and the pressure in the lubrication system will not be run again until the filter is filled again with the oil. This delay is caused by increased engine wear.
Filters are met for which the non-return valve is made as a thin rubber disc. Its thickness to the surface of the cover is provided by a metal spring. This design is more reliable and durable. Filters can be found on the same model with a different design of the non-return valve.
Special paper with high voids content is used as a filter material. To give a filter to a waterproof element, the paper is soaked with phenol-formes.
You need to change the oil filter together with the oil. Typically, the interservice interval is 10-15,000 kilometers of mileage-this is the average number calculated by the manufacturer, and you should stick to it.
The seeming simplicity of manufacturing filters has led them to manufacture everyone who is not lazy. There are currently unknown manufacturers ' filters on par with recognized leaders (such as Mann, Union, Knecht). Taking several different oil filters from different manufacturers, it is impossible to find differences between them, so they are similar to each other.
The consequences of using a poor oil filter are far from harmless. A defective emergency valve will bypass the filter by creating conditions for increased engine wear. It may be that the filter housing will burst, the oil will be replaced and the engine will be left without oil. Such cases occur, especially in winter, at temperatures below -30 degrees Celsius.
Automatic transmissions in modern cars also have oil filter, which is located in the carter of the box. His replacement is made with the oil in the ACPR-every 30 thousand kilometers. In the case of gearboxes in cars of the earlier years of the release, iron filters are installed, and when oil is replaced, they are usually mine.
Air filter
The air filter is used to clean the atmospheric air coming into the engine and is a harmonic from the filter material with sealants that do not allow the air to enter the engine, bypassing the filter element. This is usually the same as in the course of the manufacturer's recommendation. But when you drive on the dusty roads, the need for a replacement may be faster, and if this moment is lost, the engine can be killed.
Fortunately, you don't have to go to the service to test the air filter, you need to open the hood, pull out the filter and see his condition. The cover of the filter of the filter in almost any machine is mounted on the latches, which should not be difficult to remove. And if it's heavily contaminated, it's better to put a new one without waiting for maintenance. By the way, experienced drivers who open the hood of their car not only on the auto-service, but with a check of the engine oil level, are looking at the state of the air filter, and sometimes even purate it with air from the pump
The "zero resistance" filters, which are used in cars prepared for participation in sports competitions or for tuning, are found in the sale. Setting such a filter on a regular car is meaningless, because the price is high, and the advantages of it without the special form of the engine do not give. The manufacturer recommends that you change it, just like normal, 10,000 kilometers of mileage. It is curious that athletes change such a filter after one or two races.
Some drivers are trying to save money: instead of replacing the replacement, they wash the filter with water and install it back. It doesn't make any sense, because the mud is not removed in this way. However, the fiber of the filter element after "laundry" loses its capacity. Spubic filter
Spubic filter
A column filter is necessary to clean the air entering the passenger compartment. The filter element is made of activated carbon and filters air as a gas mask. But it should be remembered that the absorptive capacity of activated carbon is finite and finite. If it is not replaced in time, it will function as an ordinary filter, holding only mechanical impurities.
Besides, he has another function. The salon filter protects the evaporator of the air conditioner (small "heat sink" where the heat sink is standing).
In large cities, salon filters are scored much faster than in the operating instructions, and therefore change as necessary. This measure can be determined on the following grounds. If, in the wet weather, the glass is sweated and does not go away or the fan of the stove is on, and the air in the cabin is barely coming, it is a sure sign that it is time to change the salon filter. The manufacturers recommend that they be replaced with the replacement of oil-as many as 10,000 kilometers.
Fuel filter
The fuel filter is designed for the additional cleaning of the fuel before it is applied to the engine fuel line. In modern vehicles there are two types of fuel filters: main (mounted directly to the fuel line) and submersible (installed in the fuel tank with the pump). Fuel quality even in large cities of Russia leaves much to be desired, so I need to change the filter strictly on the recommendations of the manufacturer specified in the instructions. Impacts of contaminated fuel filter by fuel injection and fuel injections, resulting in uneven engine operation and loss of power. In the worst case, the engine won't be driven at all. The manufacturer recommends that the fuel filters be changed once in 20 to 25 thousand km of mileage.
Seige Filters
Seige Filters
The beige filters are only installed on diesel-fuelled vehicles to comply with Euro 5 and above. They are used to delay soot and solid particles in the exhaust gases and do not need to be replaced because they are designed for the entire life of the engine. Cleaning up on its own by the process of postinjection (at the stroke of the work course into the cylinder is injected with fuel) on the command of the on-board computer.
It happens that computers fail and the beige filters are amused. The bulb lights up on the control panel, and the computer issues an engine malfunction error. In these cases, the filter should be cleaned. There are two ways to do this. The first is an electro-chemical method on a special stand. This is exactly what official dealers are offering, this procedure costs about 8-10 thousand rubles. But we don't have to hurry, because there's a second way, which is called "forced postinjection." The diagnostic computer is set to this mode, and for 20 minutes, the filter becomes operational again. This method is much cheaper and costs just over a thousand rubles together with the diagnostics of the engine.
The state of the car filters needs to be carefully monitored, but accurate recommendations for replacing filters are not given by one manufacturer. Such decisions are taken on the basis of recommendations of service and instructions for the operation of the car, specialists of dealer centers, experienced drivers with long experience. But when it's done, every car owner decides for himself.
