History of appearance
Today, the number of fans of chamber tyres is very small. They are awkward, unwieldy and unsafe, and I don't want to change the camera inside the tyres. But a little more than a hundred years ago, tyres with a camera were considered a great achievement of automotive technology and dozens of wealthy car owners longed to install them on their vehicles.
The first chamber tyre appeared in 1890. Engineer Chald Welch decided to upgrade Dunlop's pneumatic tyre and offered to separate the lid from the camera, insert it into the wire frame, and put it on the rim to make it more elasticity.
At the beginning only chamber high pressure tyres were produced. They had thick sidewalls, and the air, which was under high pressure, made the tyre very hard and tight. In 1922, the world saw a low pressure tyre "cylinder" that has been used to this day-mostly true, on the lucky ones. They are characterized by increased elasticity, which can lead to the full absorption of impact impacts on small road roughness. Due to thin side walls and low air pressure, a large airbag is created inside the tyre, contributing to the better depreciation of the car. The low pressure tyres immediately came to the USSR and completely replaced the predecessors from passenger cars and buses.
Some domestic plants continue to manufacture chamber tires-mainly for freight and lorries whose weight does not allow for the use of boneless tyres. Cameras are also used on motorcycles, quadrycles, scooters, scooters, and bicycles.
Device and operating principle
A Chamber tyre consists of a tyre, a sealed air chamber and a taping tape. The outer chamber is like a closed loop. They produce it from an elastic air-tight rubber, the task of which is to keep the compressed air, calmly respond to sudden changes in temperature and pressure, to be resistant to wear and mechanical effects. The camera is equipped with a metal valve with a rubber frame that inflates the air. Inside the valve is a nipple-a leak-proof connecting tube with an air valve called a gilt. The zolotnik is a non-return valve: moving within a nipple, it does not allow for a change in the direction of air flow, that is, the camera is either inflated or descending. At present, three types of nipples are the most common-the sports Presta, the car Schrader and the bicycle Woods. They differ slightly in appearance and device. The thin Woods is used in addition to bicycles in the racing cameras. The covers of these cells do not have a sidewall-edge of the carcass just between each other. The wider Schrader is used for cars and mountain bikes; it can be turned off by turning the valve cap to which it is attached. The best sports nipple of Presta is equipped with a protective cap on the inside, which after filling the camera needs to be delayed-otherwise the air will gradually come out.
The dimensions of the chamber and the tyres shall be in line with each other: the chamber in the inflated condition shall be filled with the lid to the maximum without creating the folds. Two variants of the rim are fitted to the chamber tyres-the flat and deep unlatrine (or the whole). The whole rim is normally used for passenger cars. In the middle of it there is a cavorting for the mounting of tyres with rigid sides. In the case of mounting the chamber rim, the chamber has to be pumpated and then blown and again inflated to occupy the correct position inside the tyres, there are no folds and folds. The structure of a flat rim implies the presence of removable paints, which facilitates the installation and dismantling of the tyre: the chamber is inflated on the rim.
Operating considerations
Set the chamber tyre in several stages. First, make sure there are no cracks, dents, or bumps on the inner surface of the cover. It is then slightly powdered by talc (to prevent splicing from the cover in the future) and leave it for a while. Now it is necessary to clear the rim and remove the debris, if any. The camera also needs to be covered with talc and neatly nested inside the tyres. Only then can you proceed with mounting with the help of special mounting blades that have rounded edges. In order to prevent the appearance of the bends and the bedsores, they are also powdered with talcum powder for the carriage of the chamber covers.
There is no point in installing a camera in an incalculate tyre, hoping for the best reliability of such a design. However, if circumstances are forced to do so (a punctress or other tread damage has occurred on the road), it is necessary to reduce the pressure inside the tyres, because the wheel may explode during the movement of the wheel.
The chamber tires do not justify themselves today, first of all, because of insecurity: by puncting the air from the chamber, and from the casing (which is not hermetically sealed) goes so fast that sometimes it can cause a serious accident.
The production, transport and operation of chamber tyres is a rather labour-consuming process, with no special advantages for them. Foreign manufacturers have long abandoned chamber tires in favor of incalculable.
